Which of the following steps of inference state(s) the reason for the establishment of the proposition according to the Classical Indian School of Logic?
A. The hill has fire.
B. Because it has smoke.
C. Whatever has smoke has fire e.g. oven.
D. This hill has smoke which is invariably associated with fire.
E. Therefore this hill has fire.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:शास्त्रीय भारतीय तर्कशास्त्र के अनुसार, निम्नलिखित अनुमान के चरणों में से कौन प्रतिज्ञा की स्थापना के कारण को कहता है/कहते हैं?
A. पर्वत पर अग्नि है।
B. क्योंकि उसमें धूम है।
C. जहाँ-जहाँ धूम होता है, वहाँ अग्नि होती है, जैसे रसोईघर।
D. इस पर्वत पर धूम है जो अग्नि के साथ अनिवार्यतः संबद्ध है।
E. इसलिए इस पर्वत पर अग्नि है।
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Correct answer: C. B onlyकेवल B
Explanation
The Nyaya five-membered syllogism runs: pratijñā (A – the thesis), hetu (B – the reason), udāharaṇa (C – the universal rule with an example), upanaya (D – the application) and nigamana (E – the conclusion). The step that states the reason for establishing the proposition is the hetu, i.e. B only.न्याय का पंचावयवी अनुमान इस प्रकार है: प्रतिज्ञा (A – पक्ष-कथन), हेतु (B – कारण), उदाहरण (C – दृष्टांत सहित सार्वभौम नियम), उपनय (D – अनुप्रयोग) तथा निगमन (E – निष्कर्ष)। प्रतिज्ञा की स्थापना का कारण बताने वाला चरण हेतु है, अर्थात् केवल B।More Logical Reasoning questions
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