Which one of the following formal fallacies is committed in the given argument?
All athletes are sportspersons.
No actor is an athlete.
Therefore no actors are sportspersons.दिए गए तर्क में निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा आकारिक तर्कदोष (formal fallacy) हुआ है?
सभी एथलीट खिलाड़ी हैं।
कोई अभिनेता एथलीट नहीं है।
अतः कोई अभिनेता खिलाड़ी नहीं है।
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Correct answer: A. Fallacy of Illicit process of Major Termवृहत् पद के अवैध प्रसार का तर्कदोष (Illicit Major)
Explanation
The major term is 'sportspersons'. The conclusion 'No actors are sportspersons' is an E proposition, which distributes both its terms, so 'sportspersons' is distributed in the conclusion. But in the major premise 'All athletes are sportspersons' it is the predicate of an A proposition and is undistributed. A term distributed in the conclusion but not in the premise gives the fallacy of illicit process of the major term.वृहत् पद 'खिलाड़ी' है। निष्कर्ष 'कोई अभिनेता खिलाड़ी नहीं है' E तर्कवाक्य है, जो अपने दोनों पदों को व्याप्त करता है, अतः निष्कर्ष में 'खिलाड़ी' व्याप्त है। किंतु वृहत् आधारवाक्य 'सभी एथलीट खिलाड़ी हैं' में यह A तर्कवाक्य का विधेय है और अव्याप्त है। जो पद निष्कर्ष में व्याप्त हो किंतु आधारवाक्य में नहीं, वह वृहत् पद के अवैध प्रसार का तर्कदोष उत्पन्न करता है।More Logical Reasoning questions
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