Which of the following are valid deductive forms of reasoning?
A. Modus Ponens
B. Modus Tollens
C. Hypothetical syllogism
D. Argument from analogy
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:निम्नलिखित में से कौन-से वैध निगमनात्मक तर्क-रूप हैं?
A. मोडस पोनेंस (Modus Ponens)
B. मोडस टॉलेंस (Modus Tollens)
C. प्राकल्पिक न्याय (Hypothetical syllogism)
D. सादृश्य से तर्क (Argument from analogy)
नीचे दिए गए विकल्पों में से सर्वाधिक उपयुक्त उत्तर चुनिए:
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Correct answer: B. A, B and C Onlyकेवल A, B और C
Explanation
Modus ponens (if p then q; p; therefore q), modus tollens (if p then q; not q; therefore not p) and the hypothetical syllogism (if p then q; if q then r; therefore if p then r) are all valid deductive forms. Argument from analogy is inductive — it gives only probable conclusions. Hence A, B and C only.मोडस पोनेंस (यदि p तो q; p; अतः q), मोडस टॉलेंस (यदि p तो q; q नहीं; अतः p नहीं) तथा प्राकल्पिक न्याय (यदि p तो q; यदि q तो r; अतः यदि p तो r) — तीनों वैध निगमनात्मक रूप हैं। सादृश्य से तर्क आगमनात्मक है, जो केवल संभाव्य निष्कर्ष देता है। अतः केवल A, B और C।More Logical Reasoning questions
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