The process to gather the software requirement from client, analyze and document is known as

Explanation

Requirement engineering is the umbrella process that covers all of gathering, analysing, documenting, validating and managing requirements – exactly the three activities named in the question. Requirement elicitation is only the first sub-activity, the act of gathering requirements from stakeholders, so it does not cover analysis and documentation. The software engineering process is far broader and includes design, coding and testing as well. "User engineering process" is not a standard term at all. Hence option 4.