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Unit 1 · Discrete Structures and Optimisation Paper 2 CS · December 2022 Shift 2

Consider the following graph with vertices A, B, C, D and edges:
A – B, B – C, A – D, B – D, C – D
(A, B, C lie in a row; D is below and joined to all three.)
How many spanning trees can be found?

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Correct answer: D. 8

Explanation

The graph is K4 minus the edge A–C. K4 has 42 = 16 spanning trees and each edge lies in 16 × 3/6 = 8 of them, so 16 − 8 = 8 trees avoid A–C.

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