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Unit 10 · Artificial Intelligence (AI) Paper 2 CS · 22 June 2026

A doctor knows that the disease Meningitis causes a patient to have a stiff neck say 70% of time. The doctor also knows some unconditional facts: the prior probability that any patient has Meningitis is 1/50,000 and the prior probability that any patient has a stiff neck is 1%. Letting s be the proposition that the patient has a stiff neck and m the proposition that the patient has meningitis, compute the probability P(m/s) using Bayes' rule.

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Correct answer: B. .0014

Explanation

By Bayes' rule, P(m|s) = [P(s|m) × P(m)] / P(s). Substituting the given values: P(s|m) = 0.7, P(m) = 1/50000 = 0.00002, and P(s) = 0.01. This gives P(m|s) = (0.7 × 0.00002) / 0.01 = 0.000014 / 0.01 = 0.0014. Hence P(m|s) = 0.0014.

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