What does 'there is no essence of literature whatsoever' imply?
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Correct answer: B. There is no central meaning in literary texts
Explanation
Per the key: nothing fixed and central makes a text literary.
Note: Passage II is from Terry Eagleton, Literary Theory: An Introduction (1983), which is copyrighted and not reproduced. Eagleton argues that 'literature' names a number of ways in which people relate themselves to writing, not a fixed set of texts with an 'essence'. Any text can be read 'non-pragmatically', and, as with John M. Ellis's 'weed', the word is a functional, not an ontological, term: it tells us what we do with a text, not what it permanently is.