Which of the following is NOT true about Raymond Williams's views on culture?

1. ACulture is ordinary
2. BCulture is a whole way of life
3. CThe masses do not participate in the creation of cultural values
4. DAt least three layers of culture coexist at any time — dominant, residual and emergent

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Correct answer: C. The masses do not participate in the creation of cultural values

Explanation

Williams insisted that 'Culture is ordinary' (1958) and 'a whole way of life', made by everyone; he described dominant, residual and emergent elements in Marxism and Literature (1977). He rejected the idea that the masses are passive.