25 questions · about 30 minutes. Press End Mock any time to see your score and the correct answers.
The use of broader principles of research underscored by philosophical rationales is termed:
Correct answer: D. Research methodology
Methodology is the philosophically grounded logic of how research should proceed and why methods are chosen; methods, techniques and tools are the specific procedures and instruments used within it.
Which of the following explains the difference between conceptual and empirical research?
Correct answer: A. The former relates to abstract ideas or theory; the latter relies on experience or observation alone
Following Kothari, conceptual research develops or reinterprets concepts and theories, while empirical research is data-based and verified by observation or experiment. The other options describe quantitative/qualitative, descriptive/analytical and applied/fundamental research.
What is the standard format for citing a book in the MLA Handbook (8th edition)?
Correct answer: C. Surname, First name. Title. Publisher, Year.
MLA 8 (2016) uses core elements — Author. Title. Publisher, Year. — and drops the city of publication and the medium ('Print') that MLA 7 required. Option 2 is APA style.
A structured interview consists of:
Correct answer: A. A series of predetermined questions
A structured interview asks every respondent the same predetermined questions in the same order, so answers can be compared. Mixing in improvised questions makes it semi-structured.
Which method is used to study the diversity of human cultures in their particular settings?
Correct answer: D. Ethnography
Ethnography (Malinowski, Geertz) studies a culture from within through participant observation and fieldwork.
Which of the following is a DON'T in writing a dissertation or thesis?
Correct answer: D. Ignore scholarly conventions in the early stages
Citation and formatting conventions should be followed from the start. The other three are standard advice.
Which statement about the ideal literary researcher is false?
Correct answer: B. He should not cast himself back into another age.
Altick (The Art of Literary Research) asks the researcher to project himself imaginatively into another age; the historical sense is essential.
Which of the following are true of literary research?
Correct answer: C. A, B and D only
Altick: research serves criticism by establishing the facts of text, author and context — seeing the work and the writer 'as they really were'.
Which of the following statements about autobiography as a research source are correct?
Correct answer: B. B, C and D only
Altick warns that autobiographies are idealised, self-justifying and imaginatively embroidered, so they must never be taken at face value.
Note: The source stem asks which statements are 'false', which contradicts its own key; the key (B, C, D) answers which are true.
Which of the following are key attributes and skills for using literary research tools and techniques?
Correct answer: C. A, C and D only
Research training stresses knowing the major databases and catalogues (MLA International Bibliography, JSTOR), judging them critically and tracing archives. Shunning networks and 'peer management' are not research skills.
Which of the following statements are true about methods and methodologies in literary research?
Correct answer: D. B and D only
Following Griffin's Research Methods for English Studies, methods are the practical procedures (archival work, close reading, interviews), while methodology is the theoretical perspective (feminist, Marxist, postcolonial) that shapes them.
Which of the following are possible ways of turning a topic into an argument?
Correct answer: A. A, B and C only
A thesis engages a critical debate, applies a new lens or makes a historical claim. Proving irrelevance is a dead end, and research is not confined to famous authors.
Assertion (A): Co-operative learning activities require students to work together to complete a task or solve a problem. Reason (R): These techniques identify a weak learner and separate them from the group for special attention.
Correct answer: C. A is correct but R is not correct
Co-operative learning (Johnson and Johnson; Kagan) relies on interdependent small groups and peer support. Isolating weak learners contradicts it.
Which of the following is NOT a method of data analysis?
Correct answer: D. Subjective method
The recognised paradigms are qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods.
Which of the following statements about the ethnographic method are true?
Correct answer: D. A, B, C and D only
Per the key. Radway interviewed romance readers in 'Smithton', and Lutz and Collins studied the magazine's production and readers.
Note: Statement C is doubtful: modern ethnography stresses interpretation over objectivity.
Statement I: Comparative literature studies different cultures, nations and genres, and the relationship of literature to other forms of cultural expression. Statement II: In literary and cultural studies, methodology is secondary.
Correct answer: D. Statement I is true but Statement II is false
Comparative literature crosses linguistic, national and disciplinary borders (Remak, 1961). Methodology is central to any research design.
In research documentation, a 'corporate author' is:
Correct answer: B. a work produced by an institution, association or government agency
MLA and APA cite works by organisations (WHO, Ministry of Education) under the body's name. In MLA, when author and publisher are the same, the entry begins with the title.
Which two of the following entries follow the MLA Handbook (8th edition)?
Correct answer: C. B and C only
MLA 8 ends the title element with a period ('Kiss of the Spider Woman. Translated by…'), so A and D are wrongly punctuated. B (journal article) and C (edited book) follow the template.
Note: The raw source key gave option 1; option 3 follows the MLA rules (and is reported as NTA's final key).
Statement I: If all research were original and uninspired by others, researchers would rarely begin by drawing on their predecessors' ideas. Statement II: Studying and documenting past work stifles the growth of human knowledge.
Correct answer: B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
Research builds on predecessors through the literature review, and documentation advances knowledge by preventing needless repetition.
Which of the following abbreviations refers to a documentation style?
Correct answer: B. MHRA
The MHRA Style Guide (Modern Humanities Research Association). PMLA, ARIEL and MFS (Modern Fiction Studies) are journals.
Note: The raw source key gave option 1 (PMLA, a journal); corrected.
When was the MLA Style Sheet first published?
Correct answer: C. 1951
William Riley Parker's MLA Style Sheet (1951) preceded the first MLA Handbook (1977).
Which two statements are true according to the MLA Handbook (8th edition)?
Correct answer: A. A and B only
MLA 8 (2016) cites the publisher rather than an imprint and drops the protocol from URLs. Block quotations begin at more than four lines, indented half an inch, and shortened titles use recognisable words, not acronyms.
Statement I: Unlike scientific research, literary research lacks specific materials and tools for reaching conclusions. Statement II: Literary research consists of critical interpretation of an author's work, excluding biography and textual editing.
Literary research has its own materials (texts, manuscripts, archives) and tools (bibliography, textual criticism), and it embraces biography and editing (Altick, The Art of Literary Research).
Which two statements conform to liberal humanist thought?
Correct answer: C. A and D only
Barry's tenets of liberal humanism: good literature is timeless, human nature is unchanging, the self is a stable 'essence', and literature enhances life and propagates human values.
Arrange the stages of empirical research in sequence:
Correct answer: C. B, A, E, C, D
Hypothesis → data collection → analysis → validation → findings.