Mock 9 – Structuralism, Post-structuralism & Deconstruction (Part 3)

Schleiermacher (1768–1834) extended interpretation from scripture and law to all understanding and formulated the hermeneutic circle. Dilthey and later Gadamer and Hirsch built on him.

Stephen Heath's selection and translation (Fontana, 1977) includes 'The Death of the Author' and 'From Work to Text'.

Mythologies (1957) and The Pleasure of the Text (1973) are Barthes's. Allegories of Reading is de Man's, Some Versions of Pastoral Empson's, and 'What Is an Author?' Foucault's.

Lévi-Strauss's Structural Anthropology (1958); Soja's Postmodern Geographies (1989); Brah's 'diaspora space' (Cartographies of Diaspora, 1996); Heidegger's Dasein (Being and Time, 1927).

Todorov (1971); Culler (1975); Iser (1972/74); Fish (1980), on interpretive communities.

Desire in Language (English 1980) and Revolution in Poetic Language (1974) are Kristeva's. Illuminations is Benjamin's and The Madwoman in the Attic Gilbert and Gubar's.

Marx and Engels (written 1845–46); Lévi-Strauss (1949); Foucault (1961); Sartre (1943).

Note: The source numbers two questions as 59.

Per the key. In The Truth in Painting (1978) Derrida's parergon shows that the 'frame' supposedly outside the work — philosophical and historical discourse on its truth — always enters it.

Note: The key is debatable; option 3 has defenders.

Foucault (1963): revolutionary reforms opened the hospital to the 'medical gaze', and the doctor became a secular priest of the body.

Lacan's three registers are the Real, the Symbolic and the Imaginary. Id and ego are Freud's.

Derrida's différance and Barthes's plural Text (S/Z, 'From Work to Text') both deny final, fixed meaning and locate it in differential relations.

Lévi-Strauss (The Savage Mind, 1962); Heidegger (Being and Time, 1927); Freud's slips (The Psychopathology of Everyday Life, 1901); Bakhtin on Dostoevsky.

Iser, Fish and Jauss move meaning from the autonomous text (the New Critical view, D) to the reader's activity.

In Narrative Discourse (1972) the narrator is heterodiegetic (absent from the story) or homodiegetic (a character in it). Extra- and intradiegetic describe narrative levels, and 'interdiegetic' is not Genette's term.

Lacan's 'return to Freud' attacked ego psychology; his variable-length sessions led to his exclusion from the IPA (1963). The expulsion was a consequence of his practice, not the explanation of his critique.

Barthes pioneered structural narrative analysis ('Introduction to the Structural Analysis of Narratives', 1966), then in S/Z (1970) traced five codes through Balzac's 'Sarrasine'. He wrote Elements of Semiology (1964) and 'The Death of the Author' (1967).

Madness and Civilization (1961) is Foucault's.

The lisible/scriptible distinction is from S/Z. R, a realist commonplace that Barthes himself contests, does not explain it.

S/Z's five codes are hermeneutic, proairetic, semic, symbolic and cultural (referential). There is no 'synthetic' code.

Note: Option 4 (B, C, D) is equally valid; the key gives option 2.

Jakobson, 'Two Aspects of Language and Two Types of Aphasic Disturbances' (1956): selection (metaphor; poetry, Romanticism) against combination (metonymy; realist prose).

Todorov (1971); Bakhtin (1929/1963), on polyphony; Fish's reader-oriented Milton study (1967); Hiatt (1977).

Said, Culture and Imperialism (1993).

Austin's 'locutionary act' (1962) → Althusser's 'interpellation' (1970) → Derrida's 'phallogocentrism' (1970s) → Fish's 'interpretive community' (1976; 1980).

Foucault (1969) contrasts narratives such as the Nights, told to ward off death, with modern writing linked to the author's sacrifice and death.

Derrida dissolves Saussure's stable sign: the signified is endlessly deferred in a chain of signifiers (différance).

Note: The raw source key gave option 1; corrected.