25 questions · about 30 minutes. Press End Mock any time to see your score and the correct answers.
Which of the following statements is true?
Correct answer: C. The poet says that talking in bed should be easy but it is not.
'Talking in bed ought to be easiest… Yet more and more time passes silently.'
Note: Passage I is Philip Larkin's 'Talking in Bed' (The Whitsun Weddings, 1964), which is copyrighted and not reproduced. Lying together should be the easiest talk, 'an emblem of two people being honest', yet time passes silently. Outside, the wind's unrest and the dark towns on the horizon care nothing, and it grows harder to find words 'at once true and kind, / Or not untrue and not unkind'.
The poet says that two people lying together look like:
Correct answer: A. Two pure human beings
Lying together is 'an emblem of two people being honest' — outwardly, a picture of honesty and purity.
The poet says that while lying in bed he and his companion pass the time:
Correct answer: C. silently
'More and more time passes silently.'
The poet and his companion are:
Correct answer: D. in a place away from the towns
The towns are seen 'dark against the horizon', away from where the couple lie.
The poet says it is difficult to find words that are:
Correct answer: A. at once honest and caring
'Words at once true and kind' — honesty and kindness pull apart.
'Poetry in its use of language continually distorts and denies the structure of reality to exalt the structure of the self' implies:
Correct answer: B. the capacity of poetry to draw attention to itself as an aesthetic object
Poetic devices make the language itself the object of attention, so the poem becomes an artefact rather than a window.
Note: Passage II is from Christopher Caudwell, Illusion and Reality (1937), which is copyrighted and not reproduced. Caudwell argues that poetry, through rhyme, metre and inversion, distorts the structure of external reality to exalt 'the structure of the self', drawing attention to its own language. The novel instead 'blots out external reality by substituting a more or less consistent mock reality' of people and scenes; its emotions attach to that world, so rhythm, 'preciousness' and style are alien to it, and novels translate well.
What does the word 'assonance' mean?
Correct answer: B. Repetition of identical or similar vowels
Assonance is the echoing of vowel sounds; consonant echoes are consonance and alliteration.
What does Caudwell imply by 'The novel blots out external reality by substituting a more or less consistent mock reality'?
Correct answer: A. The reality of fiction has no existence independent of the words, and our emotional responses are directed by them
Per the key, the fictional world is built from words, which guide the reader's emotions.
Note: Passage II is from Christopher Caudwell, Illusion and Reality (1937), which is copyrighted and not reproduced. Caudwell argues that poetry, through rhyme, metre and inversion, distorts the structure of external reality to exalt 'the structure of the self', drawing attention to its own language. The novel instead 'blots out external reality by substituting a more or less consistent mock reality' of people and scenes; its emotions attach to that world, so rhythm, 'preciousness' and style are alien to it, and novels translate well. Key debatable: the passage stresses that the novel's world is not the words themselves.
What is meant by 'mock reality' in the passage?
Correct answer: A. The reality contrived by novelists through the strategic use of words
The novelist's self-consistent invented world.
If rhythm, 'preciousness' and style are alien to the novel, in which genre are they distinctive features?
Correct answer: B. Poetry
Caudwell contrasts the novel with poetry, where sound, rhythm and verbal arrangement are central.
Passage I (Walter Pater, 'Style', Appreciations, 1889 — excerpt)
That imaginative prose should be the special and opportune art of the modern world results from two important facts about the latter: first, the chaotic variety and complexity of its interests, making the intellectual issue, the really master currents of the present time incalculable — a condition of mind little susceptible of the restraint proper to verse form, so that the most characteristic verse of the nineteenth century has been lawless verse; and secondly, an all-pervading naturalism, a curiosity about everything whatever as it really is, involving a certain humility of attitude, cognate to what must, after all, be the less ambitious form of literature. And prose thus asserting itself as the special and privileged artistic faculty of the present day, will be, however critics may try to narrow its scope, as varied in its excellence as humanity itself reflecting on the facts of its latest experience — an instrument of many stops, meditative, observant, descriptive, eloquent, analytic, plaintive, fervid.
Pater's claim that imaginative prose should be the special art of the modern world implies:
Correct answer: C. intellectual complexities
He grounds it in 'the chaotic variety and complexity' of modern interests, which resist the restraint of verse.
Which expression is closest to the meaning of 'fervid'?
Correct answer: B. portraying feelings that are very strong
Fervid means intensely passionate, glowing with feeling.
Artistic literature is the representation of:
Correct answer: B. facts transformed by human predilection in an array of forms
In the essay Pater defines imaginative literature as fact 'as modified by human preference in all its infinitely varied forms'.
Note: Excerpt from Pater's essay (public domain); question 93 refers to an earlier sentence of the essay.
What does the author mean by 'the less ambitious form of literature'?
Correct answer: B. imaginative literature, specifically imaginative prose
Prose, with its humble curiosity about things 'as they really are', is the less ambitious form compared with verse.
According to the author, prose should be:
Correct answer: C. as varied as human experience
Prose will be 'as varied in its excellence as humanity itself reflecting on the facts of its latest experience'.
Passage II (Henry David Thoreau, 'Smoke', 1843)
Light-winged Smoke, Icarian bird,Melting thy pinions in thy upward flight,Lark without song, and messenger of dawn,Circling above the hamlets as thy nest;Or else, departing dream, and shadowy formOf midnight vision, gathering up thy skirts;By night star-veiling, and by dayDarkening the light and blotting out the sun;Go thou my incense upward from this hearth,And ask the gods to pardon this clear flame.
The poem deals with:
Correct answer: D. fire in the village
The smoke rises from a 'hearth' and circles 'above the hamlets'.
Which figure of speech is implicit in 'Light-winged Smoke!'?
Correct answer: A. Apostrophe
The poet addresses the smoke directly ('Go thou…').
In the first line, 'Icarian bird' connotes:
Correct answer: B. pride
Icarus flew too near the sun out of overreaching pride (hubris), and the smoke too 'melts its pinions' as it rises.
Note: Option 4 is annotated in the source ('or hubris/pride contextually'); the key gives option 2.
The word 'Lark' in the third line means:
Correct answer: D. skylark
The skylark soars at dawn singing; the smoke is a 'Lark without song'.
Why does the poet seek pardon from the gods?
Correct answer: C. The speaker admits the sin of lighting the fire.
He sends the smoke up as incense to 'ask the gods to pardon this clear flame' — Prometheus' stolen fire, now his own.
'Adult causality' is about:
Correct answer: A. the cognitive and logical structure of the world
Toys pre-package the logic of the adult world for the child.
Note: Passage I is from Roland Barthes's essay 'Toys' (Mythologies, 1957; tr. Annette Lavers), which is copyrighted and not reproduced. Barthes argues that French toys are miniature adult objects that teach the child the categories of adult life and make him a mere user or owner. Simple wooden blocks let the child build and become a 'demiurge', a creator who 'creates life, not property'.
Which is closest to being true?
Correct answer: D. Toys affect the cognitive abilities of children.
The kind of toy shapes how the child comes to understand the world.
The world of objects makes the child a/an:
Correct answer: B. creator
Per the key: with simple materials the child becomes a creator (demiurge).
The word 'demiurge' connotes:
Correct answer: C. their creative abilities
A demiurge is a maker of worlds.
Which of the following is a correct interpretation?
Correct answer: D. In handling the object, the child creates dynamic forms of life.
The child 'creates life, not property'; objects then 'act by themselves'.